In our article, we will talk about the most popular methods of "beauty medicine".
Injection techniques in cosmetology
Injections are popular primarily because they allow you to achieve the desired result without surgical intervention. The types of injections vary depending on the depth to which they are performed: from the superficial layers of the skin to the deep layers of the muscles. The duration of the effect also varies: from a few weeks to several years.
Let's characterize the main injection techniques used in cosmetology today.
Botulinum therapy
This is the introduction of drugs made from botulinum toxin produced by the bacterium Clostridium botulinum. Its action blocks the transmission of nerve signals to the muscles, so they relax. Initially, botulinum toxin therapy was used to treat spasm-related disorders, such as tics, and later began to be used to smooth wrinkles.
Indications for the use of botulinum toxin in cosmetology are wrinkles on the face - in the corners and around the eyes, on the forehead, in the corners of the mouth, nasolabial folds, as well as changes in the oval of the face. Wrinkles of medium depth are smoothed with the help of botulinum toxin, which reverses a number of age-related changes.
The procedure is not performed if the patient has inflammatory skin diseases, bleeding disorders or is treated with antibiotics and anticoagulants. Contraindications also include kidney or liver failure, individual intolerance to botulinum toxin drugs, and facial muscle paresis. Injections are not given to women during pregnancy and breastfeeding. Doctors are careful to treat patients who tend to face swelling, eyelid hernias and cerebrovascular accidents.
Preparation for the procedure does not require serious restrictions: it is recommended to avoid physical activity and not to drink alcohol. Injection using fine needles usually does not cause discomfort. The doctor can perform up to 25 injections in one part of the face during the procedure. This takes 10-15 minutes. The effect can be evaluated after 2 weeks. Wrinkles are smoothed due to muscle relaxation, but facial expressions and facial expressions are preserved with professionally performed injections.
The result of botulinum therapy is reversible, the effect lasts from 3 to 6 months. After that, the mobility of the facial muscles is completely restored.
Note
One unit of action is equal to 3 × 107 molecules of botulinum toxin. The dose (number of action units) is determined by the cosmetologist. On average, we are talking about the following figures:
- forehead area - 20-30 units;
- beard - up to 10 units;
- area around the eyes - 24 units;
- nose and bridge of the nose - 10 units.
Contour plastic
During the procedure, the doctor uses special fillers (fillers) to correct wrinkles, contours of the face and its individual areas. Modern injections in cosmetology are performed using fillers, which enable the achievement of the so-calledeffect of 3D modeling while preserving all facial features.
Note Most modern fillers are based on hyaluronic acid. It is part of the intercellular substance and plays an important role in maintaining the water balance in the tissues and their restoration in case of damage. Hyaluronic acid injections not only help to moisturize tissues, but also stimulate their own production of framework proteins - collagen and elastin.
Indications for contour plastic surgery include wrinkles, folds and a vague oval face. Contraindications: cancer, diabetes, connective tissue diseases, skin diseases, blood clotting disorders, pregnancy and breastfeeding, individual intolerance.
Contour plastic surgery does not require special preparation. Many medicines for this contain an anesthetic, otherwise the doctor can give local anesthesia. After contouring, swelling, bruising and induration in the injection area are possible, which resolve on their own within a few days.
The contouring effect can last up to two years.
Bioreinforcement
Hyaluronic acid has found application in bioreinforcement, a special procedure that results in the formation of the "inner frame" of the face. If the patient's skin has lost its tone, looks flabby, lacks luster, if there are fine wrinkles and signs of ptosis, then the doctor injects drugs along the "lines of relaxation" thatthey maintain the tone of the skin from the inside. In this case, the doctor can accurately predict how wrinkles will form and prevent their formation by introducing hyaluronic acid preparations.
Biorevitalization
Injections are also indicated for moisturizing and saturating the skin of a certain area with nutrients. In this case, we are talking about the biorevitalization procedure. With its help, you can improve the condition of the skin of the hands, neckline, neck and face.
Injections are contraindicated if the patient has inflammatory skin diseases or allergies to the components of the drug. The period of pregnancy, lactation, as well as the worsening of somatic diseases are also obstacles for both biorevitalization and bioreinforcement.
No special preparation is required before applying hyaluronic acid. The slight redness of the skin after biorevitalization disappears within a few hours. The effect lasts up to 12 months. Biorevitalization is usually performed once every 1-2 months.
Vector lifting
To tighten the skin of certain areas (for example, in the cheekbones, chin), doctors use vector lifting. It is similar to a bioarmature, only the drug is injected along several parallel lines in the direction of the desired lift.
Hyaluronic acid and calcium hydroxyapatite preparations are used for vector lifting. The choice in favor of the latter is made if it is necessary to raise areas prone to runoff. The resorption time of this drug is longer than that of hyaluronic acid - up to 3 years.
Plasmolifting
The essence of this technique is to give the patient his blood plasma, which contains platelets. Plasma contains many biologically active components that stimulate cell growth, take part in metabolism and, what is very important, own blood plasma is not a foreign substance for the body. This means that it is not rejected and does not cause allergic reactions.
Plasmolifting improves microcirculation in the skin, normalizes water balance and strengthens local immunity. The procedure is performed if the patient begins to develop fine lines, the first signs of aging, in order to restore the health of the skin (for example, after a sunburn). Plasmolifting can also improve the effect of other cosmetic procedures.
Plasmolifting also has a number of contraindications, although they are few:
- oncological diseases, hepatitis, blood diseases;
- pregnancy and breastfeeding;
- infectious and inflammatory skin diseases;
- exacerbations of chronic diseases, acute infections.
To perform plasma lifting, 20-40 ml of blood is taken from the patient's vein. It is then centrifuged in a special way to obtain a plasma fraction with a high platelet content. Then the doctor intradermally injects the resulting fraction into micropapules throughout the treatment area. The standard course includes 4 sessions with an interval of 7-14 days, and the effect can last up to two years. However, it is recommended to repeat the course once a year.
Mesotherapy
Administration of drugs by microinjection directly into the skin to improve its properties. Mesotherapy is used for additional nourishment and moisturizing of the skin and prevention of aging. It is also used to fight stretch marks and stimulate hair growth and vitality. For injections, you can use not only individual drugs, but also mesotherapy cocktails that have a complex effect. In addition to surface application, biorevitalization and plasma lifting are also considered mesotherapy options.
For large areas to be treated, doctors use special devices - injectors. The need for anesthesia is determined by the individual sensitivity of the patient.
Injection techniques are attractive primarily to patients who fear surgery. But it is worth considering that it is always possible to have an individual reaction to the drug, which is difficult to predict in advance. In addition, injections carry the risk of hematoma formation, skin discoloration, fibrosis - the formation of a seal at the injection site. You must discuss all these risks with your doctor in advance.
As statistics show. . . . . . women in the age group from 35 to 64 make up about 60% of all those who seek the help of cosmetologists.
Laser technologies in aesthetic medicine
The essence of laser exposure can be understood by deciphering the abbreviation LASER - Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation - "light amplification using stimulated radiation. " That is, a laser is a device that "concentrates" electromagnetic radiation into a very powerful directional beam. Because of this, the laser beam can be aimed, precisely and pulsed.
The use of lasers in cosmetology is possible in several areas.
Laser rejuvenation
The technique is based on heating the skin with a beam. This effect is short-lived, meaning it does not cause serious damage. However, it is enough to cause inflammation in response. As a result, the production of collagen in the skin is stimulated, which is a structural protein that gives elasticity and tone. With this effect, the wrinkles are "pushed" outwards.
Indications for laser rejuvenation are fine wrinkles, visible vascular network, enlarged pores, ptosis of soft tissues, damaged facial contours, presence of scars on the skin, post-acne, double chin, excess pigmentation. The procedure is contraindicated if the patient has inflammation and tumors in the treatment area, psoriasis or skin diseases. Laser rejuvenation is not performed during pregnancy or if the patient has a strong tan. The procedure requires special attention in patients with diabetes, hypertension, angina pectoris, in patients with blood diseases, etc.
Deep laser rejuvenation does not require special preparation and is performed without anesthesia. For a permanent effect, it is necessary to perform 3-4 procedures with an interval of one month.
Fractional photothermolysis
Wrinkles, age spots, enlarged pores, skin scars, crow's feet, stretch marks, small vascular defects - all these problems can be solved if you undergo the fractional photothermolysis procedure.
This is also a laser technology for aesthetic medicine, but here the beam has its own characteristics. It is divided into several micro-rays (fractions), each of which is no thicker than a human hair. All of them affect microscopic parts of the skin, so a kind of "mesh" treatment is obtained - the areas affected by the laser beam alternate with areas that were not affected. In the treated areas, collagen and elastin are destroyed, and in the remaining intact cells, processes are startedrecovery of "losses". It restores the skin, increases its elasticity, tone and improves appearance.
Fractional photothermolysis is a procedure that can be performed even on sensitive parts of the face, such as the eyelids. Contraindications for this are pregnancy, cancer, diabetes, infectious diseases or skin diseases in the acute phase.
Recovery after fractional photothermolysis comes quickly, literally within a week, and the basal layer of the epidermis returns to normal on the first day. In order for the effect to be more pronounced, doctors recommend attending 3-4 sessions at intervals of one month.
In case of increased sensitivity, the patient undergoes the procedure using an anesthetic gel, but this can be avoided in most cases.
SMAS lifting
The English abbreviation SMAS - superficial muscle-aponeurotic system - means "subcutaneous muscle-aponeurotic layer". It is formed by muscles and ligaments. Raising this layer allows good results to be achieved. That is, by tightening the skin, we fight against surface wrinkles, and by acting on the SMAS, we smooth deeper wrinkles.
SMAS lifting is performed using an ultrasound machine. By heating the deep layers of the skin and muscles, the ultrasound wave causes them to contract and activate the production of structural proteins. Acceleration of metabolic processes leads to improvement of appearance.
Often, SMAS lifting is recommended to patients who, for one reason or another, do not want to undergo a surgical lifting. Another category of patients who are suitable for a SMAS lift are those who have undergone a surgical lift and want to prolong the result.
During the procedure, with ultrasound, the cosmetologist "sees" the deep layers and assesses the condition of the muscles and fascia. Accordingly, the therapeutic effect of energy ultrasound directs the doctor to the required depth on the desired muscles, fascia and ligaments.
SMAS lifting does not require special preparation. The procedure is moderately painful, taking analgesics allows you to bear it comfortably. The effect is partially visible immediately after the procedure, and the lifting results can be fully evaluated after three months.
How to choose a cosmetic surgery
Probably, every visitor to cosmetic centers will say that one of the key points in choosing "your" clinic and "your" doctor is the individual approach, carried out (or not carried out) by a specialist. A cosmetologist will tell you about the nuances of combining a personal and objective approach:
Aesthetic medicine and cosmetology make it possible to correct many appearance defects, such as wrinkles, scars, acne, which improves appearance and prolongs youth.
Expression lines that show age can be eliminated with cosmetic procedures such as intradermal facial contouring.
Modern technologies in medicine help to solve many cosmetic problems without applying radical measures.
The price of cosmetic procedures depends on the complexity of the task, the area of correction and the amount of work.
You can ask all the questions you have at the first consultation with the cosmetologist.